Change Log jgkeegan.com June 10, 2024—June 23, 2024

It has been some time since I have posted a Change Log for jgkeegan.com or completed a full maintenance cycle on the website. The following is a list of updates.


Updated copyright year on index page.

Updated copyright year on Copyright page.

Updated copyright year on Homepage Additionally, deleted 2016 updates from up update list.



Updated copyright year file not found custom 404 page.

Updated copyright year Time and Technology have Passed By. Additionally, fixed typos.

Updated copyright year The Prisoner. Additionally, checked and updated all links so that they open a new tab.

It is surprising that all the links on this page going to other sites still function. Usually, after year or so there is at least one dead link on any page especially this one, but not this maintenance cycle.

Updated copyright year Resume.

Updated copyright year The Significance of Airpower in World War II.

I wrote this article, as I remember, in response to an email from an individual who thought I was the military historian Sir. John Keegan, which I am not; but I am and was an historian and I was able to answer their question through the article.

Updated copyright year Annenberg CPB Project Media. Additionally, updated paragraph.

Updated copyright year Articles.

Updated copyright year Lookbrew article.

Updated copyright year Physical Disability and Independence.

Updated copyright year Genetic Dragnet: Constitutional?


Updated copyright year Groucho Marx The Writer. Additionally, removed dead URL and added three new URLs.

Surprisingly, all the links in this article still work except for one. I was able to find three new links.


Updated copyright year McCarthyism.

Downloaded the Fall of Joseph McCarthy master’s thesis to preserve it. Need to make source page in Document Archive for it.

Updated copyright year Read Aloud: The Proofreading Tool.

I use it for all writing: articles, papers, blog posts; for I am an auditory learner, and it really helps.

Updated copyright year The Wars of Watergate.

Updated copyright year The Devil We Knew.

Updated copyright year Ella Baker.

Updated copyright year United States v. Trump et al: The Indictment.

Updated copyright year Internet Platforms, User Rights, and Section 230.

This is one of my most useful articles because people generally don’t understand that businesses do not have to protect freedom of speech. Internet platforms are businesses. A platform can go out of its way to protect the free speech rights of individuals, but it has no legal requirement to do so.

Corrected spacing in footnote number.

Updated copyright year Rise and Fall of the Third Reich Has Its Place.

Looking at the HTML code for this article, I am struck by how my coding preferences have changed. For example, when I did the notes for this article I put the cite element inside the paragraph element. Now, I simply make the cite element a block level element in CSS.


Updated copyright year Intelligent Design is not Science.

Updated copyright year Intelligent Design, Credibility, and the Lack Thereof.

Updated copyright year Intelligent Design Links.

Updated all links Intelligent Design Links so that they open in new tap.

Looking at the HTML code for this page, I found that many of the links are not coded to open in a new tap. As I continue to do research, I find that it is really time consuming to click the browser back button which is why any new work is coded so that all links open in a new tap.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor index.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Forward to the Second Edition.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Preface.

Updated copyright year States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Introduction.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Setting the Stage .

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor Before December 7, 1941.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Aftermath.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Conclusions.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Harbor Article in Word Format.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Dorn Report.

Updated copyright year United States, Japan and Pearl Contents.



Updated all links on Articles so that they open in a new tab.

Updated copyright year on Blogs. Additionally, updated URL to The Keegan Blog.

Updated copyright year EDU – Links to Education Resources.

Updated copyright year Education Links. Additionally changed the coding of some URLs.

Updated copyright year Teaching Resources.



Updated copyright year Sherlock Holmes Links. Additionally, added and updated URLs.

Updated copyright year Sherlock Holmes Links Notes. Additionally, added additional citations.

The Conan Doyle Estate probably changed web hosts and designers. Additionally, the URL is completely different. The domain has changed from a .com to a .co.uk. The contents and their presentation have changed significantly.



Updated copyright year The Secret of Sherlock Holmes.

Added media query to The Secret of Sherlock Holmes CSS.

For some reason there was no media query in the CSS. So, I put one in, but I forgot to clear the cache of the browser I was working in. Once I did that everything worked.

Updated all links The Secret of Sherlock Holmes so that they open in a new tab.

Updated copyright year Mr. Sherlock Holmes.

Another style sheet without a media query that makes two in the same directory.



Replaced the banner with styled header 1 element Forensic Science Links in CSS.

I could not get the image to display properly on phone screens.

Updated copyright year Forensic Science Links. Additionally, coded of all links to open a new tab. Also updated the introduction.

Updated copyright year Forensics.



Updated copyright year The Launching of a New Constitution index.

When I came up with this unit 24 years ago, I had no idea that I would be teaching online over two decades later.

Updated copyright year The Launching of a New Constitution author’s note. Additionally, updated the note.

The Constitution Unit did not go through the update cycle in 2023.

Updated copyright year The Launching of a New Constitution:

  1. Answer Keys
  2. Contents
  3. Acknowledgments

Updated copyright year The Launching of a New Constitution:

  1. Purpose of this Site
  2. Lesson Plan 1
  3. Lesson Plan 2
  4. Lesson Plan 3
  5. Lesson Plan 4

Additionally, updated all model titles and information where necessary.



Changed the color of links in models with URLs and gave them a back color on hover The Launching of a New Constitution purpose CSS.

Updated copyright year The Launching of a New Constitution Questions:

  1. Article 1
  2. Article 1 Part 2
  3. Article 2
  4. Article 3
  5. Remaining Articles

Updated copyright year:

  1. Cholera
  2. Cherokee Nation and Andrew Jackson
  3. Inclusion at the High School Level
  4. History of Scotland Yard

Additionally, updated the background and link colors Cherokee Nation and Andrew Jackson CSS.



Added 100 pixel bottom margin between content and footer Cherokee Nation and Andrew Jackson CSS.

Added 100 pixel bottom margin between content and footer Cholera CSS.

Updated copyright year Papers.

Updated copyright year Survival: The Russian Orthodox Church. Additionally, added 100 pixel bottom margin between content and footer and changed background color of page in CSS.

Changed selector from the pseudo class last of type to an ID Survival: The Russian Orthodox Church CSS and then added 100 pixel bottom margin to the ID. For some reason, last of type was affecting other paragraphs.

It is best practice to label each section of a webpage with an ID because each ID is unique in each can be styled differently using CSS. Because the above was one of my earliest published masters papers, I did not label every section with an ID.

Updated copyright year Emancipation. Additionally, added selector ID to Notes section and gave it 100 pixel bottom margin.

Updated copyright year Decolonization and Indo-China. Additionally, added selector ID to Notes section and gave it 100 pixel bottom margin.

Updated copyright year James Iredell, Chisholm, and the Eleventh Amendment.

Updated copyright year Little Rock and Eisenhower. Additionally, gave Notes section 100 pixel bottom border in CSS.

Updated copyright year For the Good of the Service. Additionally, gave download class 100 pixel bottom border in CSS.



Updated copyright year:

  1. Masters Work
  2. Portfolio Entrance
  3. Research Papers

Updated copyright year for the entire Portfolio.

Even though parts of the Portfolio are over twenty years old they still have significant value.

Updated copyright year:

  1. In the News
  2. Support
  3. Star Trek Links
  4. SiFi

Star Trek Links updated all URLs so they opened a new tab. Additionally, added 50 pixel top and bottom margin to the audio element.

Support — the PayPal button is not functioning. It will take more time than I have during this maintenance cycle to correct this problem.

Updated copyright year Doctor Who Links. Additionally, removed URLs that are no longer functioning and added new ones.

Doctor Who Restoration Team website, clicking on the link brings up information that says the site is unsecure and clicking the link to proceed to the site starts to download process. So, the URL has been removed.



Updated copyright year Doctor Who Episode Guide. Additionally, made updates where necessary.

Change Log jgkeegan.com July 1, 2021—August 22, 2021

Added two articles to site check list templates Lookbrew Scam and Internet Platforms, User Rights, and Section 230.

While not part of Change Log, the list templates are used track of changes made to the site as a whole such as changing the copyright year on every page, which has to be done manually since switching to Visual Studio code.

Added links to blog posts Confederate Monument Removal, and Change Logs
keegan.wiki, and jgkeegan.com to home page.

Changed out regular quotes for smart quotes in the entire article Genetic Dragnet Constitutional?

One of my earliest articles, published in 1998, I am still finding typos and other things that need to be fixed in it. As I explained in an earlier post, content maintenance is a continuous process even for articles that have no external hyperlinks.

Updated links on The Prisoner page. Additionally, centered the audio element.

Updated links on Star Trek page. Additionally, added video trailer for Star Trek: Picard Season 2.

It is extremely difficult find placement links for Star Trek content, which makes the Wayback machine very important.

All links work on Doctor Who Links page. Nothing needs to be done.

This was a unique experience. Coming across a page in a maintenance cycle where nothing needs to be done.

Updated Education Links page. Removed dead links and added new ones.

Added links to updated pages to updates section of the home page.

Updated links to Rodger Ebert interviews of Groucho, and Rodger Ebert homepage on
Groucho Marx: The Writer page. Additionally, added a review of the Marx Brothers film Duck Soup.

Changed link to John H Watson MD to a link from the Wayback machine on The
Secret of Sherlock Holmes page. While the original URL still leads to a page, the entire website has been taken down and appears to be under construction or major update.

Updated the Why Audio link, an episode of the Keegan Podcast, on the home page because it wasn’t functioning properly.

Changed Web of Fear bookmark Season 5 of the Doctor Who Guide to the complete URL with bookmark because the bookmark was not functioning properly.

Corrected in end note 11 on page Internet Platforms, User rights, and Section 230 because of typo in URL. Additionally, added link to blog post Running Websites and The Second Law of Thermodynamics to the home page.

Added link to article Groucho Marx: The Writer to the home page because links were added and updated several weeks ago.

Added link to post MyPollow Cyber Symposium to the home page.

Running Websites and The Second Law of Thermodynamics

View PowerPoint

icons8-microsoft-word-48Post in Word Format

Those who run websites have two equally important responsibilities. First, Content Creation and second Content Maintenance, making certain that the content looks and functions the way it should, and that means dealing with a physical quantity called entropy, which measures the degree of disorder in a system.1 Entropy increases with the passage of time. So, at some point, any website will exhibit signs of disorder and dysfunction. Maintenance should be a continuous process.

The most common ways entropy manifests itself in websites are Dead Links and Link Rot.2 These terms describe the same thing in different ways. Links stop working for any one or a combination of four reasons.

  1. Websites go down
    1. Because of server failure or
    2. Non-payment As a result, links to those sites die.
  2. Sites and pages are moved, and no one puts a redirect into the .htaccess file either out of neglect or because their content management system does not allow them to do so, and those links die.
  3. Just as often syntax errors occur during creation, editing, and updating. For example, updating a site to responsive design, HTML 5, or routine maintenance such as checking for and replacing dead links.
  4. Weird stuff happens for no apparent reason.

Experience demonstrates the fourth reason happens most often. The second most common reason is that URLs change.3 Syntax errors, errors in coding, are third in frequency and are usually internal. The least frequent is neglecting to write a redirect into the .htaccess file.

The need for redirects suggests major changes in website architecture such as changing servers, adding or deleting directories, or changing content management systems. For example, some years ago I was hosting two WordPress instances as part of jgkeegan.com, but they required constant updating and I was unable to keep them up-to-date; so, my service provider would periodically shut them down. As a result, I purchased a new domain, keegan.blog, and moved both the Keegan Blog and the Keegan Podcast to WordPress.com. While the content of both is much easier to maintain, and it is much easier to post on the go; weird stuff does happen. Recently, I was routinely checking the blog for link rot, and discovered numerous errors in one of my older posts Intelligent Design is a Social Theory4 Opening the editor to start correction, I found that in both editing views only a third of the content was present. However, all of the content was present when viewing the post in the browser. That did not make sense. Not wanting to risk the loss of two-thirds of my content, I copied the post from the browser and coded it again making corrections as I went, which solved the
problem.

Checking for link rot and other Content Maintenance should be continuous, but stuff happens and, at the very least, routine checks should happen about every three months. Dead links are the most common maintenance issue on websites. Each outgoing link on a website should be physically inspected and replaced if it does not function. On large sites, anything over 250 pages, some type of automatic link checker should be used. I was reluctant to use an automatic link checker because there is no substitute for physical inspection. However, and automatic link checker does give an author a place to start. Recently, I searched for an automatic link checker and found Free Broken Link Checker–Online Dead Link Checking Tool.5 It has two features which are useful. It lists the broken URLs in a table; providing a link to the originating page, and it allows the author to view the code. It does, however, have a major drawback. The checker does not recognize changes immediately. That is, if a check is run on a domain and dead links are found and changed, and the checker is run immediately it will return the same information because not enough time has passed for the changes made to be recognized.

Once a broken link is found, what happens next? If the link is important enough the link text should be searched for, and if the same information is found the link should be replaced. If the same information is not found, then the URL should be put into the Wayback Machine at the Internet Archive, and the most recent snapshot of the information should be used.6 There are instances, however, when the Wayback Machine has not archived a page or site. In that case, and if the page is a list of links, the dead link should be removed and replaced if possible. If the dead link is in a footnote, which is part of an article or academic paper and cannot be found it should not be removed that is why the access date is given in the footnote.

Content Maintenance is as important to a website as Content Creation, and a functioning server. Content Maintenance should be a continuous process for a website to maintain its usefulness. Entropy increases with time.

Notes

1 Stephen W. Hawking, A Brief History of Time (New York: Bantam, 1988), 102.

2 PCMag Encyclopedia, s. v. Dead Link accessed July 24, 2021, https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/dead-link. A hyperlink on a website that points to a Web page that has been deleted or moved. Also called an orphan link, it may also be a temporary condition if the Web server is down; PCMag Encyclopedia, s. v. Link Rot accessed July 24, 2021, https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/link-rot. Invalid hyperlinks on the Web. The more years go by, the more link rot because pages are moved to new locations or deleted.

3 PCMag Encyclopedia, s. v. URL accessed July 24, 2021, https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/url. (Uniform Resource Locator) The address that defines the route to a file on an Internet server (Web server, mail server, etc.). URLs are typed into a Web browser to access Web pages and files, and URLs are embedded within the pages themselves as links….

4 John Keegan, Intelligent Design is a Social Theory, The Keegan Blog, accessed August 3, 2021, https://keegan.blog/2005/10/30/intelligent-design-is-a-social-theory/.

5 Free Broken Link Checker–Online Dead Link Checking Tool, accessed July 24, 2021, https://www.brokenlinkcheck.com/.

6 Wayback Machine, Internet Archive, accessed July 24, 2021, https://archive.org/web/. The Wayback Machine provides access to snapshots of billions of websites that exist and have existed on the Internet.

Change Log jgkeegan.com March 10, 2021-June 22, 2021

Fixed problem in HTML code on Author’s Note page in The Launching of a New Constitution Unit.

Added the link to Change Log blog post to home page.

Added new posts folder and new article Lookbrew Scam.

The article was originally going to be a blog post, but I could not format it the way I wanted it on the blog; so I put it on the website instead. I did, however, post a video discussion on the blog.

Put index page in all new folders.

I add index pages to folders so that users cannot see the folders contents.

Added Lookbrew links to the home page.

Corrected typos on home page.

Updated links on Forensic Science Links page. Additionally, added new link at the request of a user.

Completed updating links on Forensic Science Links page. All links are active.

Updated links on the Sherlock Holmes Links page and on the Sherlock Holmes Links Notes page. All links are active.

My Sherlock Holmes pages are the hardest keep up to date with good links there are so few out there, which makes me even more dependent on the Wayback Machine. The notes page was one of my first attempts at using footnotes in a webpage. Now, I use them as a matter of course, and footnotes should be used more than they are on the web.

Changed PowerPoint presentations links to lecture links in the unit the Launching of a New Constitution on the Contents page, in the Legislative Branch Lesson Plan,
and the Lesson Plan on the Remaining Articles.

I came up with the idea of doing lectures during the pandemic. When I, like many others, had a lot of time on my hands. I found that making videos and uploading them to YouTube was easier than producing an audio-only podcast. Additionally, it allowed me to present the material the way it should be presented. A complete list of lectures is available at my Document Archive of educational material keegan.wiki.

Updated link in the unit the Launching of a New Constitution on the Contents page Appendix section to a transcript of the Constitution from the National Archives.

Change Log jgkeegan.com January 3, 2021-March 8, 2021

Started updating Copyright. Additionally, added new link to
McCarthyism page footnote two to primary source.

Corrected code of second level unordered list on Forensics page.

Completed update of Copyright of all pages in the Forensics Category and all pages that make up the article United States Japan and Pearl Harbor

Completed new article Internet Platforms, User Rights, and Section 230.

Made changes to CSS of article Internet Platforms, User Rights, and Section 230. Set the position of modal using ID instead of class. Additionally, I put the aside element inside the
article element.

Fixed typo in HTML of Emancipation paper.

Completed updating Copyright on all Research Papers.

Corrected typo added links to blog posts on Homepage. Additionally, added two more links to blog posts to the Homepage.

Changed font size for larger screens 1.2 em on Cholera paper. Additionally, published papers folder.

Updated Copyright year on the following pages:

  1. Email
  2. Star Trek Links
  3. The Prisoner
  4. Education
  5. Education Links
  6. Resume
  7. Masters Work
  8. Research Papers

Completed updating Copyright year on all pages that make up the unit The Launching of a New Constitution.

Completed updating Copyright on all files contained in the Portfolio. Additionally, updated Annenberg page and Si-Fi page.

Completed update of Copyright year on all Doctor Who pages. Additionally, updated Copyright year on all remaining pages. Update of Copyright year on website is complete.

Change Log jgkeegan.com June 6, 2020-November 15, 2020

Below are the latest changes to jgkeegan.com.


Corrected minor typo on the Purpose Page of Launching a New Constitution.

Added links to Homepage and updated Doctor Who Links.

It is getting more and more difficult to find links to good content about Doctor Who. It is even more difficult to find content that is well maintained.

Corrected minor typos in Little Rock and Eisenhower Paper.

I am amazed that I am still finding typos in work that is 12 years or more old. But, I suppose that comes with being a dyslexic.

Deleted broken link on Forensic Science Links Page.

Added link to 1950s Unit to the following pages: Homepage, Teaching Resources Page, and in the Portfolio More Teaching Resources Page

Corrected the display of the lecture link on the More Teaching Resources Page in the Portfolio.

Added links to new blog posts on the Homepage.

Deleted unused model code from Homepage.

Removed link to Facebook page about the Secret of Sherlock Holmes. Added a link to a blog post about the play, and  embedded slightly better audio from SoundCloud.

Added new links to YouTube videos and new blog post to Intelligent Design Links Page. Additionally, link to blog post was added to Homepage.

Added link to YouTube lectures to Teaching Resources Page. Updated link on Indo-China Page. It now goes to the lecture page. Additionally, added bookmark to Education Page.

Change Log jgkeegan.com July 2019-May 2020

I have not publicly updated the change log for some time. Below are the changes made to jgkeegan.com from July 2019-May 2020.

07/21/19

I updated my Groucho Marx: The Writer page adding several new links and updating the HTML code. One of my oldest articles, it is becoming increasingly difficult to find new links to add to the page; or even links that still function.

07/22/19

Corrected an error in the text of a link on the Groucho Marx page. Additionally, checked links on the Star Trek page and added two new links; and a new video. Also updated links on the Sherlock Holmes links page.

08/16/19

Corrected minor typo and added missing tag in two spots in Decolonization and Indochina paper.

08/19/19

Corrected minor typo on Teaching Resources page.

08/24/19

I corrected a problem with the index page. Apparently, I put my generic folder index page in the root directory of the site. So, for the last seven days, there were two index files one HTM and the correct one HTML. The server is keyed to HTM. Once in the index.htm was in the root directory that became the index page. I must be more careful using FTP in the future. Because of the way I corrected the problem, Git did not recognize the change and there was nothing to commit. I changed the text color and font of the letters section on the Groucho Marx page.

08/29/19

Updated link to expression web on purpose page of the Constitution Unit. Changed copyright date on Mr. Sherlock Holmes page. Updated resume.

12/26/19

Created a Master List of pages as well as lists for categories such as education, portfolio, articles, papers, and the like. Additionally, I have begun updating the copyright year on each page because I’m using a free HTML editor.

12/28/19

Completed updating copyright year on all articles and miscellaneous pages.

Completed updated copyright year for all pages in the category forensics which includes all Sherlock Holmes pages.

Completed update of copyright year for all pages in the category Education as well as the following: the Prisoner, Star Trek links, templates, and In the News.

12/31/19

Started work on updating the copyright year on the pages that make up the Launching of a New Constitution.

01/01/20

Completed updating all pages that are part of the Launching of the New Constitution.

Updated all papers.

02/11/20

Updated link to Judgment Day PBS Nova, which is part of the Intelligent Design Links Page. The old video was taken down due to copyright restriction.

04/08/20

Completed updating all pages under the category Doctor Who, which completes the Copyright update for the entire site.

04/18/20

New directory reviews and new pages and CSS files.

04/20/20

Added new book review Ella Baker.

05/25/20

Fixed minor typos on the following pages: Cholera and Aftermath which is part of the article United States, Japan, and Pearl Harbor.

Trouble with Dynamic Web Template

Back in July, I changed web design programs from Expression Web to Dreamweaver Creative Cloud. As a result, I had to recode the dynamic web template that I based the majority of my site on. At the end of every year the copyright has to be updated. 2016 has to be changed to 2017. That process should be a simple matter of updating the template, saving the changes, and the program should update the pages that use the template automatically.

I have updated the main template and save the changes, and I thought the program updated the pages that use the template. However, some pages updated and some pages did not, and I have no idea why. This problem is slowing the responsive design update.

Still Updating to responsive design

Last week, I picked up my responsive design project where I left off. In earlier post I described the beginning of the project. Since November, many of the pages in the site have been updated. There is still a lot of work to be done. This week I changed design programs from Expression Web 4 to Dreamweaver Creative Cloud chiefly because I wanted to use the full capabilities of CSS 3 and have them recognized by my design program. To put it simply, Expression Web 4 is 10 years old and shows every bit of its age. It’s so old in fact that Microsoft is giving it away for free. I have tried Visual Studio 2015, and it takes too long to install; and comes with too many features I will never use.  

Dreamweaver Creative Cloud is subscription service, so I will have access to updates as they become available. It is standards compliant and the user interface is not that different. In the end, markup is mark up and code is code. Dreamweaver should I serve my needs for the foreseeable future. Switching to Dreamweaver has created some issues. The most annoying one is that the program uses a slightly different syntax in its dynamic web templates, which means I cannot create new pages based on my existing templates. Furthermore, all pages based on existing templates must be updated after I create new templates based on the different syntax, but all of those are backstage updates. 

Most of my major content pages have been updated. I still have some structural pages to update, and I am considering updating the Doctor Who Episode Guide and keegan.wiki as well as other sub-sites. Additionally, I still have a great deal more to learn about CSS 3. I am still having difficulty mastering flex box and float.

Recent office 365 update is causing me problems

Update

January 13, 2016:

Apparently, all the broken links to the documents and presentations that I maintain in OneDrive for Business are now functioning. However, if you have problems accessing any of them, please email me.

At some point in the last few weeks Microsoft updated OneDrive for Business, which is where I store all the files that are linked to from my websites. Because of the update any link that is more than a month old is broken and does not function. The only fix for this problem is to update each link. That is,  create a new link for each Word Document and PowerPoint Presentation  and Excel spreadsheet on all my sites, which is going to take a great deal of time. How much? Who knows.

If you have trouble accessing a Word Document, PowerPoint Presentation, or Excel spreadsheet please email me and let me know. I will send a working link as soon as possible.

Thank you for your understanding and patience.